If ever there was an endeavor where “common sense” should prevail it is wildlife watching. Not using common sense could cost you your life. It could also cost the wildlife its life, including the species you aren’t even looking at (e.g., the chicks that are abandoned in the nest because of your prolonged presence). Even inexperience wildlife watchers should be able to pick up on some cues that they are too close, such as when the animal is becoming agitated. Keep in mind that in most national park units the animals are not hunted, so its up to you to give them the space they deserve.
The following is a partial list of wildlife watching ethics in national parks, from Wildlife Watching in America’s National Parks: A Seasonal Guide, by G. Vequist and D. Licht (reprinted with permission from Texas A&M University Press).
1. View from a distance. Viewing wildlife from afar minimizes disturbance. And view quietly and with minimal movement and commotion. If you suspect that the animal may be getting nervous because of your presence, you are probably right. Depending on the circumstances try to stay still or back away.
2. Keep on roads and trails. Animals are more tolerant of people on established roads and trails. And you will do less damage to sensitive natural resources. If you must leave the road or trail avoid damage to stream banks, young vegetation, and other ecologically sensitive areas.
3. Never feed wildlife. Never feed wildlife or try to entice them in anyway (e.g., by using calls). Similarly, keep your food secure and out of reach of animals. Animals that associate people with food could end up dead because of it.
4. Control your pets. Generally speaking, pets are of no benefit when viewing wildlife and can lead to problems, so if you must have them along, keep them on a leash. Even that apparently “harmless” chasing of wildlife can lead to injuries or mortalities for wildlife.
5. Don’t touch or handle injured, weak, or baby animals. You may only make the situation worse. For example, if you touch baby animals the mother may not return to care for them. Also, animals can carry diseases that can be passed to humans, so for your own safety do not touch.